{"id":49524,"date":"2018-09-14T08:00:18","date_gmt":"2018-09-14T06:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/e3mag.com\/?p=49524"},"modified":"2022-05-01T10:13:55","modified_gmt":"2022-05-01T08:13:55","slug":"lintelligence-artificielle-le-savoir-faire-humain","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/e3mag.com\/fr\/kuenstliche-intelligenz-menschliches-know-how\/","title":{"rendered":"Intelligence artificielle - savoir-faire humain"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>L'automatisation et l'intelligence artificielle vont modifier consid\u00e9rablement le travail quotidien et les comp\u00e9tences requises. D'ici 2030, la part du travail n\u00e9cessitant des connaissances techniques augmentera jusqu'\u00e0 55 %, tandis que les comp\u00e9tences manuelles ou motrices seront de moins en moins n\u00e9cessaires (moins 14 %).<\/p>\n<p>Parall\u00e8lement, les comp\u00e9tences sociales et \u00e9motionnelles gagneront en importance. La part du temps de travail n\u00e9cessitant ces comp\u00e9tences augmentera d'environ 24 % d'ici 2030.<\/p>\n<p>Tels sont les principaux r\u00e9sultats de l'\u00e9tude transnationale \"Shift skills - Automation and the future of the workforce\" du McKinsey Global Institute (MGI).<\/p>\n<p>Pour ce faire, le MGI a quantifi\u00e9 pour la premi\u00e8re fois l'effet de l'utilisation des nouvelles technologies sur la demande de certaines comp\u00e9tences. En Allemagne, la baisse du temps de travail consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 l'utilisation de comp\u00e9tences manuelles sera encore plus importante que dans les autres pays \u00e9tudi\u00e9s, avec moins 22 % d'ici 2030.<\/p>\n<p><em>\"La raison en est que les emplois, en particulier dans l'industrie manufacturi\u00e8re, n\u00e9cessiteront de moins en moins de force physique et de contr\u00f4le manuel des machines\".<\/em><\/p>\n<p>dit Anna Wiesinger, associ\u00e9e junior \u00e0 D\u00fcsseldorf chez McKinsey et co-auteur de l'\u00e9tude.<\/p>\n<p>Les capacit\u00e9s technologiques des travailleurs en Allemagne sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 relativement \u00e9lev\u00e9es en comparaison internationale, constate Wiesinger.<\/p>\n<p>Actuellement, l'Allemagne, avec 14% du temps de travail consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 l'expertise technologique, devance les \u00c9tats-Unis et la France (11% chacun) ou la Grande-Bretagne (12%).<\/p>\n<p>D'ici 2030, ce pourcentage passera \u00e0 19 % en Allemagne. Les comp\u00e9tences \u00e9tudi\u00e9es comprennent l'expertise informatique, les connaissances en programmation et en analyse, ainsi que la capacit\u00e9 de recherche scientifique et de conception technique.<\/p>\n<h3>Capacit\u00e9s \u00e9motionnelles requises<\/h3>\n<p>Mais l'automatisation et l'utilisation de l'IA vont \u00e9galement accro\u00eetre l'importance d'autres comp\u00e9tences. La part du temps de travail qui requiert des comp\u00e9tences sociales et \u00e9motionnelles augmentera de pr\u00e8s d'un quart pour atteindre 20 % en Allemagne.<\/p>\n<p>En d'autres termes, m\u00eame \u00e0 l'\u00e8re de la num\u00e9risation, les comp\u00e9tences en mati\u00e8re de communication et de n\u00e9gociation, l'empathie et la capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 diriger gagnent encore en importance.<\/p>\n<p>Dans l'ensemble, l'analyse MGI montre que l'automatisation va continuer \u00e0 augmenter la demande de travailleurs, qui sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 peu disponibles aujourd'hui. Le secteur de la sant\u00e9 joue un r\u00f4le particulier dans la comparaison internationale des branches. Wiesinger :<\/p>\n<p><em>\"Le secteur de la sant\u00e9 est le seul secteur o\u00f9 la demande de comp\u00e9tences physiques et manuelles continue \u00e9galement d'augmenter, d'environ cinq millions de travailleurs dans le monde\".<\/em><\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Grafik-Mcckinsey_cmyk.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Intelligence artificielle - savoir-faire humain\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-49525\" src=\"https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Grafik-Mcckinsey_cmyk.jpg\" alt=\"Graphique Mcckinsey Cmyk\" width=\"1000\" height=\"582\" srcset=\"https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Grafik-Mcckinsey_cmyk.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Grafik-Mcckinsey_cmyk-768x447.jpg 768w, https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Grafik-Mcckinsey_cmyk-100x58.jpg 100w, https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Grafik-Mcckinsey_cmyk-480x279.jpg 480w, https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Grafik-Mcckinsey_cmyk-640x372.jpg 640w, https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Grafik-Mcckinsey_cmyk-720x419.jpg 720w, https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Grafik-Mcckinsey_cmyk-960x559.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/a><\/h3>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La demande en expertise technique va augmenter de mani\u00e8re spectaculaire - la poursuite de l'automatisation exige en m\u00eame temps davantage de comp\u00e9tences sociales et de cr\u00e9ativit\u00e9.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":38,"featured_media":49527,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"pmpro_default_level":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[23656],"tags":[145,601,626],"coauthors":[19920],"class_list":["post-49524","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mag-1807","tag-automatisierung","tag-digitalisierung","tag-kuenstliche-intelligenz","pmpro-has-access"],"acf":[],"featured_image_urls_v2":{"full":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641.jpg",1000,450,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641.jpg",400,180,false],"medium_large":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641-768x346.jpg",768,346,true],"large":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641.jpg",1000,450,false],"image-100":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641-100x45.jpg",100,45,true],"image-480":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641-480x216.jpg",480,216,true],"image-640":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641-640x288.jpg",640,288,true],"image-720":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641-720x324.jpg",720,324,true],"image-960":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641-960x432.jpg",960,432,true],"image-1168":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641.jpg",1000,450,false],"image-1440":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641.jpg",1000,450,false],"image-1920":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641.jpg",1000,450,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641.jpg",1000,450,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641.jpg",1000,450,false],"trp-custom-language-flag":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641.jpg",18,8,false],"bricks_large_16x9":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641.jpg",1000,450,false],"bricks_large":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641.jpg",1000,450,false],"bricks_large_square":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641.jpg",1000,450,false],"bricks_medium":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641.jpg",600,270,false],"bricks_medium_square":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641.jpg",600,270,false],"profile_24":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641-24x24.jpg",24,24,true],"profile_48":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641-48x48.jpg",48,48,true],"profile_96":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641-96x96.jpg",96,96,true],"profile_150":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"profile_300":["https:\/\/e3mag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/shutterstock_1109991641-300x300.jpg",300,300,true]},"post_excerpt_stackable_v2":"<p>Die Nachfrage nach technischem Fachwissen wird dramatisch steigen \u2013 weitere Automatisierung verlangt zugleich mehr Sozialkompetenzen und Kreativit\u00e4t.<\/p>\n","category_list_v2":"<a href=\"https:\/\/e3mag.com\/fr\/category\/mag-1807\/\" rel=\"category tag\">MAG 18-07<\/a>","author_info_v2":{"name":"Magazine E-3","url":"https:\/\/e3mag.com\/fr\/author\/e-3-magazin\/"},"comments_num_v2":"0 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